Table 3 The fixed effect of childhood wasting in Africa
First and second level factors | Model I AOR (95% CI) | Model II AOR (95% CI) | Model III AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Survey year | 2010鈥�2014 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
2015鈥�2019 | 0.62 (0.57, 0.68) | 0.52 (0.50, 0.55) | 0.62 (0.56, 0.68) | |
2020鈥�2022 | 0.65 (0.59, 0.72) | 0.63 (0.60, 0.66) | 0.65 (059, 0.73) | |
Child age | 0鈥�11 months | 2.23 (2.04, 2.44) | 听 | 2.22 (2.03, 2.43)* |
12鈥�23 months | 2.21 (2.02, 2.41) | 听 | 2.19 (2.00, 2.39)* | |
24鈥�35 months | 1.34 (1.21, 1.48) | 听 | 1.33 (1.20, 1.47)* | |
36鈥�59 months | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Sex | Male | 1.34 (1.27, 1.41) | 听 | 1.34 (1.28, 1.41)* |
Female | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Birth weight | Low | 1.29 (1.21, 1.38) | 听 | 1.29 (1.21, 1.38)* |
Normal | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
High | 0.73 (0.64, 0.83) | 听 | 0.72 (0.64, 0.82)* | |
Maternal age | 15鈥�19 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 听 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) |
20鈥�34 | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
35鈥�49 | 0.99 (0.92, 1.06) | 听 | 0.99 (0.92, 1.06) | |
Maternal educational status | No formal education | 1.56 (1.32, 1.85) | 听 | 1.53 (1.29, 1.81)* |
Primary | 1.01 (0.85, 1.20) | 听 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.18) | |
Secondary | 0.98 (0.83, 1.16) | 听 | 0.97 (0.82, 1.15) | |
Higher | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Working status of mother | Not working | 0.98 (0.71, 1.15) | 听 | 0.95 (0.63, 1.14) |
Working | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Number of household members | 1鈥�3 | 1 | 听 | 1 |
4鈥�5 | 0.92 (0.84, 1.01) | 听 | 0.93 (0.84, 1.02) | |
6 or more | 0.99 (0.90, 1.08) | 听 | 0.99 (0.90, 1.08) | |
Wealth index | Poorest | 1.12 (0.99, 1.25) | 听 | 1.18 (1.05, 1.34)* |
Poorer | 0.99 (0.88, 1.1) | 听 | 1.04 (0.93, 1.18) | |
Middle | 1.00 (0.90, 1.12) | 听 | 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) | |
Richer | 1.02 (0.92, 1.13) | 听 | 1.04 (0.93, 1.15) | |
Richest | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Birth order | First | 0.98 (0.89, 1.07) | 听 | 0.97 (0.89, 1.07) |
Second | 0.99 (0.89, 1.09) | 听 | 0.99 (0.89, 1.09) | |
Third | 1.02 (0.92, 1.12) | 听 | 1.03 (0.93, 1.13) | |
Four or more | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
ANC visits | No visits | 1.21 (1.11, 1.32) | 听 | 1.22 (1.12, 1.32)* |
1鈥�3 visits | 1.06 (1.02, 1.13) | 听 | 1.06 (1.01, 1.13)* | |
4 or more | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Place of delivery | Home | 1.09 (1.02, 1.17) | 听 | 1.09 (1.02, 1.17)* |
Health facility | 1 | 听 | 1 | |
Postnatal check up | Yes | 1 | 听 | 1 |
No | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | 听 | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | |
Media exposure | Yes | 1 | 听 | 1 |
No | 1.11 (0.87, 1.17) | 听 | 1.08 (0.98, 1.08) | |
Type of gestation | Singleton | 1 | 听 | 1 |
Multiple | 1.43 (1.20, 1.70) | 听 | 1.40 (1.18, 1.67)* | |
Access to electricity | Yes | 1 | 听 | 1 |
No | 0.95 (0.89, 1.02) | 听 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.03) | |
Type of toilet | Improved | 1 | 听 | 1 |
Unimproved | 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) | 听 | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) | |
Source of water | Improved | 听 | 1 | 1 |
Unimproved | 听 | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.07) | |
Distance to health facility | Not big problem | 听 | 1 | 1 |
Big problem | 听 | 1.13 (1.08, 1.17) | 1.01 (0.95, 1.06) | |
Place of residence | Urban | 听 | 1 | 1 |
Rural | 听 | 1.17 (1.13, 1.23) | 1.09 (1.02, 1.17)* | |
Community literacy rate | Low | 听 | 1.05 (0.97, 1.14) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.10) |
High | 听 | 1 | 1 | |
Community media exposure | Low | 听 | 1.11 (1.02, 1.20) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.14) |
High | 听 | 1 | 1 | |
Community poverty | Low | 听 | 1 | 1 |
High | 听 | 0.88 (0.82, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.02) | |