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Table 2 Results of factors associated between high perceived stress and sociodemographic status by sex

From: Gender-specific secular trends and related factors of high perceived stress level among Korean older adults: a nation-wide serial cross-sectional study

  

Male

Female

Variables

ORa

95% CI

P or P for trend

ORa

95% CI

P or P for trend

Year

 

0.98

0.98

0.99

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

0.97

0.96

0.98

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Age

65–74

Reference

   

Reference

   
 

75–84

0.79

0.76

0.83

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

0.77

0.74

0.81

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 

≥â¶Ä‰85

0.65

0.59

0.72

 

0.44

0.40

0.49

 

Education

≤Middle school

Reference

   

Reference

   
 

High school

1.01

0.96

1.06

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

0.89

0.83

0.96

0.01

 

≥U²Ô¾±±¹±ð°ù²õ¾±³Ù²â

0.85

0.80

0.91

 

0.94

0.84

1.06

 

Household income

high

        
 

low

1.09

1.03

1.17

0.01

1.27

1.18

1.36

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Living arrangement

Living alone

Reference

   

Reference

   
 

Living with spouse

0.65

0.56

0.77

0.39

1.51

1.34

1.70

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 

Living with others

0.77

0.66

0.89

 

1.44

1.31

1.58

 

Residential area

Urban

        
 

Rural

0.85

0.82

0.88

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

0.99

0.95

1.03

0.61

Average daily sleep time (7 ∼ 9 h)

Yes

Reference

   

Reference

   

No

1.45

1.40

1.51

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

1.55

1.49

1.62

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Physical activities

Yes

Reference

   

Reference

   
 

No

1.32

1.27

1.37

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

1.19

1.14

1.24

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Smoking

No

Reference

   

Reference

   
 

Yes

1.50

1.44

1.57

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

1.63

1.49

1.79

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Drinking

No

        
 

Yes

0.87

0.84

0.91

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

0.89

0.85

0.93

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Subjective health status

Good

Reference

   

Reference

   

Poor

2.80

2.69

2.92

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

2.68

2.56

2.79

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

  1. Abbreviation: OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval;
  2. aThe analyses were conducted using the stratified sampling variables (strata) and weighted variables recommended by the KCHS