Characteristics | EDHS 2019 | KDHS 2022 | RDHS 2019 | UDHS 2016 | TDHS 2022 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome variable (CIAF)% | 40.69 | 22.04 | 34.06 | 31.99 | 33.27 | |||||
Residence | Rural (%) | Urban (%) | Rural (%) | Urban (%) | Rural (%) | Urban (%) | Rural (%) | Urban (%) | Rural (%) | Urban (%) |
Proportion | 74.96 | 25.04 | 64.06 | 35.94 | 83.32 | 16.68 | 79.62 | 20.38 | 73.22 | 26.78 |
Sex of child (%) | Chi2(1),0.6 | Chi2(1),1.2 | Chi2(1),0.1 | Chi2(1),0.6 | Chi2(1),0.12 | |||||
 M²¹±ô±ð | 38.02 | 12.88 | 32.51 | 18.15 | 42.07 | 7.98 | 40.20 | 10.22 | 36.97 | 13.84 |
 F±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð | 36.94 | 12.16 | 31.55 | 17.79 | 41.24 | 8.70 | 39.42 | 10.16 | 36.25 | 12.94 |
Age of child (months) (%) | Chi2(2),11** | Chi2(2),1.8 | Chi2(2),3.1 | Chi2(2),6 | Chi2(2),1.1 | |||||
 &±ô³Ù; 6 | 8.14 | 2.38 | 6.96 | 3.78 | 8.70 | 1.33 | 8.64 | 1.53 | 8.28 | 2.76 |
 6–23 | 21.26 | 8.40 | 20.40 | 11.31 | 26.48 | 5.28 | 25.22 | 7.17 | 23.67 | 8.83 |
 24–59 | 45.56 | 14.26 | 36.69 | 20.85 | 48.13 | 10.07 | 45.77 | 11.67 | 41.27 | 15.20 |
Birth order (%) | Chi2(2),239*** | Chi2(2),360*** | Chi2(2),26*** | Chi2(2), 55*** | Chi2(2),89*** | |||||
 1 child | 14.03 | 7.38 | 16.49 | 11.66 | 18.77 | 4.87 | 14.50 | 4.61 | 15.15 | 7.21 |
 2–3 | 21.93 | 10.36 | 24.73 | 17.29 | 34.84 | 7.25 | 25.68 | 8.68 | 26.48 | 11.99 |
 ≥ 4 | 39.01 | 7.29 | 22.84 | 7.00 | 29.70 | 4.57 | 39.45 | 7.08 | 31.59 | 7.58 |
Type of birth (%) | Chi2(1),1.4 | Chi2(1),0.01 | Chi2(1),8** | Chi2(1),0.02 | Chi2(1),4.5* | |||||
â€ÇȾ±²Ô²µ±ô±ð³Ù´Ç²Ô | 73.39 | 24.43 | 62.13 | 34.99 | 81.39 | 16.04 | 77.13 | 19.72 | 71.65 | 25.87 |
 M³Ü±ô³Ù¾±±è±ô±ð | 1.57 | 0.61 | 1.92 | 0.95 | 1.93 | 0.65 | 2.50 | 0.66 | 1.57 | 0.91 |
Birth interval (%) | Chi2(1),2.4 | Chi2(1),1.2 | Chi2(1),2.3 | Chi2(1),0.1 | Chi2(1),13.5*** | |||||
 < 24 months | 16.55 | 4.32 | 11.45 | 5.23 | 11.43 | 12.59 | 19.26 | 4.29 | 13.32 | 2.93 |
 ≥ 24 months | 61.12 | 18.01 | 54.82 | 28.50 | 73.21 | 2.78 | 61.38 | 15.07 | 61.54 | 22.21 |
Mother’s age (years) (%) | Chi2(2),12** | Chi2(2),81*** | Chi2(2),6.7* | Chi2(2),4.7 | Chi2(2),15** | |||||
 15–24 | 16.81 | 6.09 | 18.51 | 7.91 | 12.54 | 2.65 | 25.78 | 5.84 | 22.13 | 6.23 |
 25–34 | 39.86 | 14.14 | 30.96 | 20.52 | 40.40 | 8.85 | 35.21 | 10.52 | 32.43 | 13.58 |
 35–49 | 18.29 | 4.81 | 14.59 | 7.51 | 30.38 | 5.19 | 18.63 | 4.01 | 18.66 | 6.97 |
Mother’s education (%) | Chi2(2),749*** | Chi2(2),767*** | Chi2(2),352*** | Chi2(2),435*** | Chi2(2),330*** | |||||
 No formal education | 45.63 | 7.96 | 8.34 | 2.17 | 11.14 | 0.90 | 10.18 | 0.90 | 20.04 | 1.86 |
 P°ù¾±³¾²¹°ù²â | 25.10 | 10.29 | 28.29 | 9.51 | 57.48 | 7.38 | 53.71 | 7.96 | 42.60 | 14.98 |
 Secondary and above | 4.23 | 6.79 | 27.43 | 24.25 | 14.69 | 8.40 | 15.73 | 11.52 | 20.04 | 1.86 |
Source of drinking water (%) | Chi2(1),186*** | Chi2(1),322*** | Chi2(1),64*** | Chi2(1),85*** | Chi2(1),440.5*** | |||||
 U²Ô¾±³¾±è°ù´Ç±¹±ð»å | 30.77 | 5.42 | 9.91 | 24.61 | 21.45 | 2.40 | 22.67 | 2.14 | 32.48 | 2.00 |
 I³¾±è°ù´Ç±¹±ð»å | 44.19 | 19.62 | 26.03 | 39.45 | 61.87 | 14.28 | 56.95 | 18.24 | 40.74 | 24.78 |
Toilet facilities (%) | Chi2(1),88*** | Chi2(1),76*** | Chi2(1),96*** | Chi2(1),515*** | Chi2(1),990*** | |||||
 U²Ô¾±³¾±è°ù´Ç±¹±ð»å | 68.33 | 15.79 | 32.37 | 4.21 | 27.56 | 2.27 | 59.42 | 5.95 | 51.61 | 3.74 |
 I³¾±è°ù´Ç±¹±ð»å | 6.64 | 9.24 | 31.69 | 31.73 | 55.76 | 14.41 | 20.20 | 14.43 | 21.61 | 23.04 |
Family size (%) | Chi2(2),68*** | Chi2(2),427*** | Chi2(2),7.6* | Chi2(2),65*** | Chi2(2),111.3*** | |||||
 1–4 individuals | 19.80 | 8.92 | 19.60 | 18.28 | 30.33 | 6.10 | 20.29 | 8.43 | 18.89 | 10.93 |
 5–9 individuals | 49.79 | 14.36 | 39.30 | 16.34 | 50.96 | 10.01 | 49.80 | 10.92 | 43.16 | 13.93 |
 ≥ 10 individuals | 5.38 | 1.76 | 5.15 | 1.32 | 2.02 | 0.57 | 9.54 | 1.03 | 11.17 | 1.92 |
Number of U5C in a household (%) | Chi2(2),74*** | Chi2(2),267*** | Chi2(2),20*** | Chi2(2),75*** | Chi2(2),136*** | |||||
 1 child | 28.63 | 10.96 | 28.96 | 21.32 | 36.77 | 8.60 | 21.61 | 8.35 | 24.26 | 13.96 |
 2 children | 34.99 | 11.48 | 25.33 | 11.95 | 38.12 | 5.83 | 38.36 | 8.92 | 32.70 | 10.11 |
 ≥ 3 children | 11.35 | 2.59 | 9.77 | 2.67 | 8.43 | 2.25 | 19.66 | 3.11 | 16.26 | 2.71 |
Wealth quintile (%) | Chi2(4),89*** | Chi2(4),91*** | Chi2(4),950*** | Chi2(4),76*** | Chi2(4),97*** | |||||
 P´Ç´Ç°ù±ð²õ³Ù | 20.99 | 1.97 | 22.38 | 0.78 | 21.74 | 1.28 | 6.79 | 12.56 | 22.93 | 0.20 |
 P´Ç´Ç°ù±ð°ù | 20.62 | 1.45 | 17.07 | 1.35 | 19.72 | 0.69 | 14.62 | 3.09 | 19.44 | 0.35 |
 M¾±»å»å±ô±ð | 17.42 | 1.37 | 14.48 | 3.04 | 17.88 | 1.38 | 17.89 | 1.87 | 16.65 | 2.95 |
 R¾±³¦³ó±ð°ù | 12.73 | 4.92 | 8.35 | 11.70 | 15.51 | 3.49 | 14.62 | 3.09 | 10.57 | 10.19 |
 R¾±³¦³ó±ð²õ³Ù | 3.20 | 15.33 | 1.78 | 19.07 | 8.47 | 9.84 | 6.79 | 12.56 | 3.63 | 13.09 |