Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the sample, overall and stratified by sex (n鈥�=鈥�414)
| 听 | Overall (n鈥�=鈥�414) | Female (n鈥�=鈥�221) | Male (n鈥�=鈥�193) | 听 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 听 | n | % | n | % | n | % | p-value |
Age | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 55.2 (9.8) | 53.9 (9.4) | 56.6 (10.0) | 0.006 | |||
Education | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Less than high school | 180 | 43.7 | 126 | 57.5 | 54 | 28.0 | 听 |
High school/ Some college | 135 | 32.8 | 61 | 27.9 | 74 | 38.3 | 听 |
College graduate or higher | 97 | 23.5 | 32 | 14.6 | 65 | 33.7 | 听 |
Marital status | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Married | 384 | 93.2 | 194 | 88.6 | 190 | 98.4 | 听 |
Divorced/Widowed/Separated | 28 | 6.8 | 25 | 11.4 | 3 | 1.6 | 听 |
English fluency | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Very well/Well | 163 | 39.7 | 59 | 27.1 | 104 | 53.9 | 听 |
Not well/Not at all | 248 | 60.3 | 159 | 72.9 | 89 | 46.1 | 听 |
Country of birth | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.478a |
Bangladesh | 289 | 69.8 | 153 | 69.2 | 136 | 70.4 | 听 |
India | 60 | 14.5 | 31 | 14.0 | 29 | 15.0 | 听 |
Pakistan | 33 | 8.0 | 22 | 10.0 | 11 | 5.7 | 听 |
Nepal | 9 | 2.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 17 | 4.7 | 听 |
Guyana | 18 | 4.3 | 12 | 5.4 | 6 | 3.1 | 听 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 5 | 1.2 | 3 | 1.4 | 2 | 1.0 | 听 |
Years lived in the US | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 14.2 (9.1) | 12.4 (7.7) | 16.2 (10.0) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 | |||
Mental Health Days | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.008 |
No days | 336 | 85.9 | 167 | 81.5 | 169 | 90.9 | 听 |
鈮�1 days | 55 | 14.1 | 38 | 18.5 | 17 | 9.1 | 听 |
Physical Health Days | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.004 |
No days | 326 | 83.0 | 161 | 77.8 | 165 | 88.7 | 听 |
鈮�1 days | 67 | 17.0 | 46 | 22.2 | 21 | 11.3 | 听 |
Emotional Support t-score | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | |||
Mean (SD) | 53.8 (8.9) | 52.2 (9.3) | 55.7 (8.1) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 | |||
HbA1c | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Median (IQR) | 8.4 (1.4) | 8.5 (1.4) | 8.4 (1.3) | 0.510 | |||
Weight | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 159.9 (28.1) | 151.8 (26.8) | 169.2 (26.6) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 | |||
BMI | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 27.8 (4.2) | 28.3 (4.4) | 27.1 (3.8) | 0.004 | |||
BP Control (<鈥�130/80) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.868 |
Controlled | 166 | 40.2 | 88 | 39.8 | 78 | 40.6 | 听 |
Uncontrolled | 247 | 59.8 | 133 | 60.2 | 114 | 59.4 | 听 |
Diabetes Distress Scales | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
DDS Total, Continuous | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 2.0 (1.0) | 2.1 (1.0) | 1.8 (0.9) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 | |||
DDS Total, Categories | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.031 |
Low (<鈥�3) | 332 | 84.1 | 167 | 80.3 | 165 | 88.2 | 听 |
High (鈮モ��3) | 63 | 15.9 | 41 | 19.7 | 22 | 11.8 | 听 |
Emotional Burden, Continuous | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 2.3 (1.4) | 2.5 (1.5) | 2.1 (1.3) | 0.001 | |||
Emotional Burden, Categories | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.058 |
Low (<鈥�3) | 304 | 74.1 | 154 | 70.3 | 150 | 78.5 | 听 |
High (鈮モ��3) | 106 | 25.9 | 65 | 29.7 | 41 | 21.5 | 听 |
Physician-Related Distress, Continuous | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 1.5 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.8) | 1.4 (0.7) | 0.074 | |||
Physician-Related Distress, Categories | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.459 |
Low (<鈥�3) | 380 | 93.8 | 199 | 92.6 | 181 | 94.8 | 听 |
High (鈮モ��3) | 25 | 6.2 | 16 | 7.4 | 10 | 5.2 | 听 |
Regimen-Related Distress, Continuous | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Mean (SD) | 2.2 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.3) | 1.9 (1.2) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 | |||
Regimen-Related Distress, Categories | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.011 |
Low (<鈥�3) | 318 | 78.1 | 159 | 71.9 | 159 | 83.7 | 听 |
High (鈮モ��3) | 89 | 21.9 | 58 | 26.2 | 31 | 16.3 | 听 |