Gender differences in psychosomatic complaints across occupations and time from 2006 to 2018 in Germany: a repeated cross-sectional study

Table 2 Mean differences of genders over years and collars

Wave 2006	Male Mean (SD)	Female Mean (SD)	Mean Difference	Adj. P Weighted Lin. Reg	95% CI	Effect size
Overall	1.28 (1.43)	1.52 (1.52)	0.24	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.30; 0.41]	0.16
White-collar high-skilled	1.25 (1.44)	1.59 (1.53)	0.34	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.31; 0.46]	0.23
White-collar low-skilled	1.29 (1.42)	1.41 (1.50)	0.12	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.18; 0.45]	0.06
Blue-collar high-skilled	1.28 (1.39)	1.41 (1.51)	0.13	.006	[0.09; 0.55]	0.09
Blue-collar low-skilled	1.35 (1.46)	1.48 (1.54)	0.13	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.23; 0.58]	0.09
Wave 2012
鈥侽惫别谤补濒濒	1.39 (1.52)	1.76 (1.67)	0.37	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.42; 0.55]	0.23
鈥俉hite-collar high-skilled	1.36 (1.52)	1.85 (1.69)	0.49	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.50; 0.66]	0.30
鈥俉hite-collar low-skilled	1.51 (1.57)	1.60 (1.62)	0.09	.029	[0.02; 0.34]	0.08
鈥侭lue-collar high-skilled	1.34 (1.50)	1.68 (1.64)	0.34	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.30; 0.77]	0.22
鈥侭lue-collar low-skilled	1.48 (1.53)	1.78 (1.64)	0.30	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.30; 0.69]	0.19
Wave 2018
鈥侽惫别谤补濒濒	1.41 (1.55)	1.76 (1.64)	0.35	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.37; 0.51]	0.22
鈥俉hite-collar high-skilled	1.37 (1.54)	1.81 (1.65)	0.44	鈥�&濒迟;鈥�.001	[0.40; 0.58]	0.28
鈥俉hite-collar low-skilled	1.62 (1.63)	1.68 (1.62)	0.06	.006	[0.08; 0.45]	0.04
鈥侭lue-collar high-skilled	1.39 (1.51)	1.52 (1.60)	0.13	.096	[鈭�0.04; 0.48]	0.12
鈥侭lue-collar low-skilled	1.44 (1.54)	1.68 (1.62)	0.24	.003	[0.12; 0.59]	0.15

P- values and CIs refer to the direct effect of the outcome psychosomatic complaints after controlling for the covariates age (categorized in years), parental status (categorized in yes/no) and working hours (categorized in full-time/ part-time)

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