Role of turnover, downsizing, overtime and night shifts on workplace violence against healthcare workers: a seven-year ecological study

Table 3 Associations between work organisational factors and rates of workplace violence episodes in wards with night shift scheduling over the entire study period

听	RR	95% CI
Ward type 鈥� ED vs. Other wards	4.97	1.83鈥�13.51
Ward type 鈥� Psychiatric vs. Other wards	6.95	2.51鈥�19.23
Percentage of women	0.87	0.53鈥�1.44
Median age	2.96	1.94鈥�4.49
Median hospital seniority	0.23	0.11鈥�0.50
Turnover	1.64	1.40鈥�1.92
Downsizing	1.21	1.04鈥�1.40
Weekly overtime	1.24	0.75鈥�2.06
Number of night shifts^a	2.50	1.37鈥�4.56
Period 鈥� 2022 vs. 2016鈥�2020	2.96	1.30鈥�6.73

Note. Coefficients represent change in WPV rates for each one standard deviation increase from the year-specific mean. All coefficients are mutually adjusted. The model was run using data from all available years (2016鈥�2020 and 2022, n鈥�=鈥�575 ward-year observations, 232 WPV episodes, WPV rate: 2.05 [95%CI: 1.08鈥�2.32] per 100 active workers per year). Abbreviations: RR: Rate ratio. CI: Confidence interval, ED: Emergency Department
^a Per active worker engaged in night shifts

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