Table 1 Participants鈥� sociodemographic, economic characteristics and health status based on the presence of psychological distress
Characteristics | Psychological distress | Total n(%) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No distress n(%) | Distress n(%) | ||||
Age | <鈥�30 years | 81 (52.2%) | 58 (64.4%) | 139 (56.7%) | 0.152 |
30鈥�45 years | 64 (41.3%) | 29 (32.3%) | 93 (38.0%) | ||
45+鈥墆别补谤蝉 | 10 (6.5%) | 3 (3.3%) | 13 (5.3%) | ||
Gender | Female | 54 (34.8%) | 42 (46.7%) | 96 (39.2%) | 0.068 |
Male | 101 (65.2%) | 48 (53.3%) | 149 (60.8%) | ||
Marital status | Single | 76 (49.0%) | 47 (52.2%) | 123 (50.2%) | 0.868 |
Married | 76 (49.0%) | 41 (45.6%) | 117 (47.8%) | ||
Divorced/Widowed | 3 (2.0%) | 2 (2.2%) | 5 (2.0%) | ||
Homeownership | Rented | 124 (80.0%) | 79 (87.8%) | 203 (82.9%) | 0.119 |
Own home | 31 (20.0%) | 11 (12.2%) | 42 (17.1%) | ||
Household members | Less than 5 | 77 (49.7%) | 50 (55.6%) | 127 (51.8%) | 0.230 |
5鈥�8 | 67 (43.2%) | 38 (42.2%) | 105 (42.9%) | ||
9+ | 11 (7.1%) | 2 (2.2%) | 13 (5.3%) | ||
Children under 18 years | No children | 46 (29.6%) | 24 (26.6%) | 70 (28.6%) | 0.580 |
1鈥�3 children | 103 (66.5%) | 60 (66.7%) | 163 (66.5%) | ||
Above 3 children | 6 (3.9%) | 6 (6.7%) | 12 (4.9%) | ||
Region of residence | Nairobi | 67 (43.3%) | 42 (46.7%) | 109 (44.5%) | 0.886 |
Central | 28 (18.1%) | 13 (14.4%) | 41 (16.7%) | ||
Eastern | 9 (5.8%) | 5 (5.6%) | 14 (5.7%) | ||
North Eastern | 5 (3.2%) | 2 (2.2%) | 7 (2.9%) | ||
Coast | 7 (4.5%) | 7 (7.8%) | 14 (5.7%) | ||
Rift Valley | 16 (10.3%) | 11 (12.2%) | 27 (11.0%) | ||
Western | 7 (4.5%) | 2 (2.2%) | 9 (3.7%) | ||
Nyanza | 16 (10.3%) | 8 (8.9%) | 24 (9.8%) | ||
Employment status | Not employed | 14 (9.0%) | 13 (14.4%) | 27 (11.0%) | 0.425 |
Private employed | 96 (62.0%) | 53 (58.9%) | 149 (60.8%) | ||
Government employed | 45 (29.0%) | 24 (26.7%) | 69 (28.2%) | ||
Monthly income in Kenyan shillings | Less than 65,000 | 72 (46.5%) | 57 (63.3%) | 129 (52.7%) | 0.037 |
65,000鈥�110,000 | 55 (35.5%) | 23 (25.6%) | 78 (31.8%) | ||
Above 110,000 | 28 (18.0%) | 10 (11.1%) | 38 (15.5%) | ||
Household monthly income in Kenyan shillings | Below 100,000 | 85 (54.9%) | 58 (64.4%) | 143 (58.4%) | 0.095 |
100,000鈥�200,000 | 43 (27.7%) | 25 (27.8%) | 68 (27.8%) | ||
Above 200,000 | 27 (17.4%) | 7 (7.8%) | 34 (13.8%) | ||
Health status | (Very) bad & fair | 20 (12.9%) | 28 (31.1%) | 48 (19.6%) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
(Very) good | 135 (87.1%) | 62 (68.9%) | 197 (80.4%) | ||
Loan | Yes | 104 (67.1%) | 62 (68.9%) | 166 (67.8%) | 0.772 |
No | 51 (32.9%) | 28 (31.1%) | 79 (32.2%) | ||
National economy status over past three years | Worse | 144 (92.9%) | 86 (95.6%) | 230 (93.9%) | 0.373 |
Same | 9 (5.8%) | 2 (2.2%) | 11 (4.5%) | ||
Better | 2 (1.3%) | 2 (2.2%) | 4 (1.6%) | ||
Financial status over past three years | Worse | 65 (41.9%) | 52 (57.8%) | 117 (47.8%) | 0.047 |
Same | 44 (28.4%) | 21 (23.3%) | 65 (26.5%) | ||
Better | 46 (29.7%) | 17 (18.9%) | 63 (25.7%) | ||
Mental health status over past three years | Worse | 46 (29.7%) | 60 (66.6%) | 106 (43.3%) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Same | 76 (49.0%) | 24 (26.7%) | 100 (40.8%) | ||
Better | 33 (21.3%) | 6 (6.7%) | 39 (15.9%) | ||
Social support | Poor | 81 (52.3%) | 72 (80.0%) | 153 (62.5%) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Moderate and strong | 74 (47.7%) | 18 (20.0%) | 92 (37.5%) | ||