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The occurrence of CVD events

No. of participants: 59,050 (6 cohort trials)

RR 0.706

(0.659 to 0.757)

1.6% fewer

( 1.9 fewer to 1.3 fewer)

Low

The occurrence of CAD events

No. of participants: 59,050 (6 cohort trials)

RR 0.640

(0.561 to 0.729)

0.7% fewer

( 0.9 fewer to 0.5 fewer)

Low

VO₂max of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 517 (11 RCTs)

-

MD 1.884 ml·kg·min^−1 more

(0.514 fewer to 4.283 more)

Very low^a,c

VO₂max of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 699 (15 RCTs)

-

MD 5.354 ml·kg·min^−1 more

(2.645 more to 8.062 more)

Very low^a,c

BMI

No. of participants: 650 (12 RCTs)

-

MD 0.603 kg·min^−2 fewer

(1.366 fewer to 0.160 more)

Very low^a,d,e

Weight

No. of participants: 733 (11 RCTs)

-

MD 1.966 kg fewer

(3.839 fewer to 0.094 fewer)

Low^a,e

Fat mass of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 137 (3 RCTs)

-

MD 1.043 kg fewer

(4.808 fewer to 2.722 more)

Low^a,b

Fat mass of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 272 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 4.256 kg fewer

(7.826 fewer to 0.685 fewer)

Very low^a,b,c

BF% of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 258 (6 RCTs)

-

MD 0.380 more

(1.274 fewer to 2.035 more)

Low^a,b

BF% of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 452 (7 RCTs)

-

MD 1.748 fewer

(4.751 fewer to 1.256 more)

Very low^a,b,c

Lean mass of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 56 (2 RCTs)

-

MD 1.774 kg fewer

(4.011 fewer to 0.464 more)

Very low^a,b

Lean mass of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 397 (5 RCTs)

-

MD 0.901 kg more

(2.293 fewer to 4.095 more) kg

Very low^a,b,c

Hip circumference

No. of participants: 279 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 2.742 cm fewer (4.278 fewer to 1.206 fewer)

Low^a,b

Waist circumference

No. of participants: 212 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 1.170 cm fewer

(4.838 fewer to 2.498 more)

Low^a,b

Waist-to-hip ratio

No. of participants: 170 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 0.011 fewer

(0.035 fewer to 0.013 more)

Low^a,b

Triglyceride

No. of participants: 223 (5 RCTs)

-

MD 0.315 mg/dL fewer

(3.909 fewer to 3.278 more)

Low^a,b

Total Cholesterol of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 171 (5 RCTs)

-

MD 9.577 mg/dL fewer, (42.059 fewer to 22.906 more)

Very low^a,b,c

LDL-C of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 116 (2 RCTs)

-

MD 8.534 mg/dL fewer

(15.511 fewer to 1.557 fewer)

Low^a,b

LDL-C of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 171 (3 RCTs)

-

MD 12.895 mg/dL fewer

(59.432 fewer to 33.641 more)

Very low^a,b,c

HDL-C of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 116 (2 RCTs)

-

MD 0.156 mg/dL more

(2.138 fewer to 2.449 more)

Very low^a,b

HDL-C of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 200 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 6.997 mg/dL more

(8.341 fewer to 22.335 more)

Very low^a,b,c

CRP of linear exercise training

No. of participants: 83 (2 RCTs)

-

MD 0.502 mg/dL fewer

(2.651 fewer to 1.646 more)

Very low^a,b

CRP of nonlinear exercise training

No. of participants: 212 (3 RCTs)

-

MD 0.879 mg/dL fewer

(2.388 fewer to 0.629 more)

Very low^a,b,c

LVEF(%)

No. of participants: 227 (4 RCTs)

-

MD 7.081 more

(1.891 more to 12.272 more)

Very low^a,b,c