Study | Study design | Stage | Sample size | Age (years) | Cancer Treatment | Aerobic exercise protocol in Intervention Group | Principles of exercise | Outcomes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T | C | ||||||||
Chung et al. [29] (2021) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 16 | 13 | T 52.4 ± 8.9 C: 50.3 ± 7.7 | AC | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 40 min/ sessions. Frequency: 2–3 sessions /w. Duration: 3m. Intensity:70%-75% VO2max | Linear | (5)(22) |
De Luca et al. [30] (2016) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 10 | 10 | T: 50.2 ± 9.7 °ä:46.0 ±â¶Ä‰2.8 | Chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 30 min/ sessions. Frequency: 2 sessions /w. Duration: 24w. Intensity:70%-75% HR max | Linear | (5)(12) |
Lee et al. [31] (2020) | RCT. Single-center | 0 to 3 | 48 | 45 | T: 52.8 ± 10.6 C: 53.6 ± 10.1 | Chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min per session by week 16. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity:65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (7)(18)(20)(21) |
Hornsby et al. [32] (2013) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ±õµþ—I±õ±õ | 10 | 10 | T: 51 ± 6 C: 46 ± 11 | AC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous & Interval. Time:1st w: 15–20 min/ sessions. 2nd -4th w: 30min/ sessions.5th -6th w: 30—45min/sessions. 7th -9th w: 20min/ sessions. 10th -12th w: 20min / sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 1st – 4th w: 60% VO2max. 5th-6th w: 60%-65% VO2max; 7th -9th w: 60%-70% VO2max; 10th -12th w: 60%-70%VO2max & 100%VO2max | Nonlinear | (5)(22) |
Dieli-Conwright et al. [33] (2018) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 48 | 45 | T: 52.8 ± 10.6 C: 53.6 ± 10.1 | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min per session by week 16. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (6)(8)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) |
Dieli-Conwright et al. [34] (2018) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 48 | 45 | T: 52.8 ± 10.6 C: 53.6 ± 10.1 | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min per session by week 16. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Lee et al. [35] (2019) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 48 | 45 | T: 52.8 ± 10.6 C: 53.6 ± 10.1 | Chemotherapy, radiotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min per session by week 16. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (9)(19) |
Cornette et al. [36] (2016) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õB | 20 | 22 | T: 49 C: 52 | 3 FEC100, 3 | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Start with 20 min, increase by 5 min per 6 weeks. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 27w. Intensity: 18 ± 2 maximum rated perceived exertion | Nonlinear | (5) |
Ochi et al. [37] (2022) | RCT. Single-center | early-stage | 21 | 23 | Ìý | Hormone therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: High Intensity Aerobic Interval. Time: NA. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: Maximum rated perceived exertion 18 ± 2 | Linear | (5) |
Courneya et al. [38] (2003) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õA | 24 | 28 | T: 59 ± 5 C: 58 ± 6 | _ | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Start with 15 min and increase by 5 min every 3 weeks. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 15w. Intensity: 70%—75% VO2max | Nonlinear | (5)(6) (10) |
Scott et al. [39] (a) (2020) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 58 | 57 | T: 59 ± 9 C: 58 ± 9 | Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time:1st-4th w:30–40 min; 5th -16th w: 40. Frequency: 1st – 3rd w: 3 sessions /w; 4th -16th w: 4 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 1st – 3rd w: 55%-60% VO2max, 4th -16th w: 60%—70% VO2max | Linear | (5) |
Scott et al. [39] (b) (2020) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 59 | 57 | T: 58 ± 9 C: 58 ± 9 | Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Interval. Time: 120 min/week. Duration: 16w. Intensity: alternated between five different dose intensities (55%, 65%, 75%, 80%, and > 95%) of VO2max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Vincent et al. [40] (2020) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 55 | 26 | - | FEC & TZB & TAX | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 30 min/week. Frequency: 2 sessions /w. Duration: 6m. Intensity: 60%—70% VO2peak | Linear | (5)(6)(11) |
Hojan et al. [41] (2020) | RCT. Single-center | ±õµþ—I±õ±õ´¡ | 26 | 21 | T: 54.44 ± 6.29 C: 54.64 ± 5.26 | TZB | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 45–50 min/week. Frequency: 5 sessions /w. Duration: 9w. Intensity: 80% HR max | Linear | (21)(22) |
Murtezani et al. [42] (2014) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õA | 30 | 32 | T: 53 ± 11 C: 51 ± 11 | Surgery | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Start with 15 min, increase by 2 min per week. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 10 w. Intensity: 50% -75%HRR | Nonlinear | (6)(10) |
Lee et al. [35] (2019) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 15 | 15 | T: 47.1 ± 7.9 C: 44.7 ± 11.2 | AC | Aerobic exercise modality: High Intensity Aerobic Interval. Time: 20 min. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 8 w. Intensity: 7 times of a 1- min interval performed at 90% PPO; followed by a 2 – min interval performed at 10% PPO | Linear | (5) |
Courneya et al. [43] (2007) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õA | 71 | 73 | T: 49 C: 49 | AC & TAX & FEC100C, CE120F | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Start with 15 min and increase by 5 min every 3 weeks. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 8 w. Intensity: 60% -80% VO2max | Nonlinear | (5)(10)(11) (12)(13) |
Jones et al. [44] (2013) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ±õµþ—I±õ±õC | 10 | 10 | T: 51 ± 6 C: 46 ± 11 | AC | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous & Interva. Time: 1st w: 15–20 min/ sessions. 2nd -4th w: 30min/ sessions. 5th -6th w: 30-45min/ sessions. 7th -9th w: 20min/ sessions. 10th -12th w: 20min / sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12 w. Intensity: 1st – 4th w: 60% VO2max. 5th-6th w: 60%-65%VO2max. 7th -9th w: 60%-70%VO2amx. 10th -12th w: 60%-70%VO2max & 100%VO2max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Irwin et al. [45] (2009) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õA | 37 | 38 | T: 56.5 ± 9.5 C: 55.1 ± 7.7 | Radiation and chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 15–30 min/ sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 6m. Intensity: 50% increased to 60%-80% HRmax | Nonlinear | (6)(10)(12)(13)(14)(15) |
Northey et al. [46] (a) (2019) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 5 | 6 | T: 67.8 ± 7.0 C: 61.5 ± 7.8 | Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation. Aromatase inhibitor | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 20 min/ sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 55—65%³Õ°¿2max | Linear | (5) |
Northey et al. [46] (b) (2019) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 6 | 6 | T: 60.3 ± 8.1 C: 61.5 ± 7.8 | Surgery. Radiation. Aromatase inhibitor | Aerobic exercise modality: High Intensity Aerobic Interval. Time: 20 min/ sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 4 intervals in 1st w, increased by one each week until the target of 7 intervals was achieved in 4th w 50—90% VO2max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Fairey et al. [47] (2005) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õA | 24 | 28 | T: 59 ± 5 C: 58 ± 6 | Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 15min for weeks 1 through 3, and then systematically increased by 5min every three weeks thereafter to 35 min for weeks 13 through 15. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 15w. Intensity: 70—75% VO2max | Nonlinear | (17)(18)(19)(20)(21) |
Irwin et al. [48] (2015) | RCT. Single-center | 0—I±õ±õ | 45 | 38 | T: 62 ± 7.0 C: 60.5 ± 7.0 | Radiation, chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 150 min/w. Frequency: 2 sessions /w. Duration: 12m Intensity: started at 50% of HRmax and increased over the 1st month to 60% to 80% of HRmax | Linear | (5) |
de Paulo et al. [49] (2018) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 18 | 18 | T: 63.2 ± 7.1 C: 66.6 ± 9.6 | Aromatase inhibitor therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 1-2nd week: 20min. 3-36th week: 30min. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 36w. Intensity: 1-2nd w: 50–60% HRmax. 3-10th w: 60–65% HRmax. 11-18th w: 65–70% HRmax. 19-28th w: 70–75% HRmax. 20-36th w: 75–80% HRmax | Linear | (10)(11)(12)(13)(17)(19)(20)(21) |
Møller et al. [50] (a) (2015) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 9 | 10 | °Õ:57.17 ±â¶Ä‰10.51 C: 46.95 ± 9.19 | AC & TAX & CYC | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous & Interval. Time: 60–90 min/ sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 95–95% HRmax | Nonlinear | (5)(6)(11)(12)(13) |
Møller et al. [50] (b) (2015) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 10 | 10 | T: 48.49 ± 8.41 °ä:46.95 ±â¶Ä‰9.19 | AC & TAX & CYC | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 30 min/ sessions. Frequency: 5 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 70–75% HRmax | Linear | (5)(6)(11)(12)(13) |
Ma et al. [51] (2018) | RCT. Single-center | - | 31 | 33 | T: 44 ± 6 C: 44 ± 6 | AC | Aerobic exercise modality: Interval. Time: 50 min/ sessions. Frequency: 3 sessions/w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: Work: 90 -95% HRmax. Rest: 50 –70% HRmax | Linear | (5)(22) |
Al-Majid et al. [52] (2015) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ | 6 | 7 | T: 52.7 ± 10.7 C: 47.9 ± 10.4 | Adjuvant chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 20–40 min/ sessions. Frequency: 1st w: 2 sessions, 2nd-12th w: 3 sessions/w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: 1st w: 40%—50% HRR. 2nd-3rd w: 50%—70% HRR. 4th -12thw: 70%—80% HRR | Nonlinear | (5) |
Jones et al. [53] (2013) | RCT. Single-center | 0 to IIIA | 36 | 31 | T: 56.4 ± 9.6 C: 55.4 ± 7.6 | Adjuvant chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 15min for week 1, and then gradually increased minutes of exercise per week to 30 min for weeks 5 through 12. Frequency: 5 sessions/w. Duration: 6m. Intensity: started at 50% HRmax to 60%—80% HRmax | Nonlinear | (21) |
Rogers et al. [54] (2009) | RCT. Single-center | I, II, or IIIA | 20 | 19 | T: 52 ± 15 C: 54 ± 8 | Aromatase inhibitors or selective estrogen receptor modulators | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 40 – 45 min / sessions. Frequency: 1st -2nd week: 3 sessions/w. 3rd-6th week: 4 sessions/w. 7th -12th week: 5 sessions/w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: moderate intensity | Nonlinear | (6)(12)(16) |
Dieli-Conwright et al. [55] (a) (2021) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ; Hispanic ethnicity | 28 | 24 | T: 46.9 ± 10.2 C: 46.7 ± 10 | Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min of aerobic exercise per session by 16th w. Frequency: 3 sessions/w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Dieli-Conwright et al. [55] (b) (2021) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ; Non-Hispanic ethnicity | 19 | 22 | T: 55.6 ± 10.5 C: 55.9 ± 10.3 | Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 5 min every 3–4 weeks resulting in a total of 45 min of aerobic exercise per session by 16th w. Frequency: 3 sessions/w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: 65%-80% HR max | Nonlinear | (5) |
Nuri et al. [56] (2012) | RCT. Single-center | I to IIIB | 14 | 15 | T: 58.27 ± 6.31 C: 58.27 ± 6.31 | Hormone therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Start with 25 min and increase by 10 min every 5 weeks. Frequency: 2 sessions/w. Duration: 15w. Intensity: 45%-65% HR max | Nonlinear | (5)(6)(10)(14)(15)(16)(17)(20) |
Lahart et al. [57] (2018) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 16 | 16 | T: 52.5 ± 10.7 C: 52 ± 8.6 | _ | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 1st -3rd month: 30 min/sessions. 4th-6th month: > 30 min/sessions. Frequency: 1st -3rd m: 3–5 sessions /w. 4th-6th m: 5–7 sessions /w. Duration: 24w. Intensity: Moderate -vigorous | Nonlinear | (5) |
Rogers et al. [58] (2013) | RCT. Single-center | I, II or IIIA | 11 | 9 | T: 58 ± 6.1 C: 53.7 ± 13.9 | _ | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 150 min/w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: Moderate intensity | Linear | (5)(6)(12) (16) |
Guinan et al. [59] (2013) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 16 | 10 | T: 50.05 ± 8.27 C: 45.05 ± 9.04 | Adjuvant hormone therapy and anti-Her2 directed therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 21-42min /sessions. Frequency: 21-42min /sessions. Duration: 8w. Intensity: 30%—75% HRR | Nonlinear | (15)(17)(18)(19)(20) |
Herrero et al. [60] (2011) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ | 8 | 8 | T: 50.05 ± 8.27 °ä:45.05 ±â¶Ä‰9.04 | CFM | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: Gradually increased from 20 to 30min per session. Frequency: 2 sessions /w. Duration: 8w. Intensity: Gradually increased from 30 to 75% HRR | Nonlinear | (5)(10)(11)(12) |
Ligibel et al. [61] (2008) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 42 | 40 | T: 52 ± 9 °ä:53 ±â¶Ä‰9 | chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 90 min / sessions. Frequency: 2 sessions /w. Duration: 16w. Intensity: Moderate intensity | Linear | (6)(10)(12)(14)(15)(16) |
Lahart et al. [62] (2016) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 40 | 40 | T: 52.4 ± 10.3 C: 54.7 ± 8.3 | Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 30 min / sessions. Frequency: 5 sessions /w. Duration: 12w. Intensity: Moderate intensity | Linear | (6)(10)(12)(17)(18)(19)(20) |
DeNysschen et al. [63] (2010) | RCT. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 36 | 30 | T: 48.7 ± 8.4 C: 49.5 ± 9.5 | Chemotherapy | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 20–30 min / sessions. Frequency: 3–5 sessions /w. Duration: 4-6m. Intensity: 60–80% VO2peak | Nonlinear | (10)(12)(13) |
Kim et al. [27] (a) (2021) | Cohort trial. Single-center | - | 11,154 | 7410 | T: 50.9 ± 9.6 C: 53.1 ± 10.1 | Radiotherapy,Ìýcardiotoxic chemotherapy,Ìýaromatase inhibitor, Tamoxifen | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 1–499 MET-mins/week. Duration: 5 year. Intensity: Low | Linear | (1)(2)(3) |
Kim et al. [27] (b) (2021) | 11,110 | 7410 | T: 50.9 ± 9.4 C: 53.1 ± 10.1 | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 1–499 MET-mins/week. Duration: 5 year. Intensity: Medium | Linear | (1)(2)(3) | |||
Kim et al. [27] (c) (2021) | 10,101 | 7410 | T: 50.6 ± 8.4 C: 53.1 ± 10.1 | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Time: 1–499 MET-mins/week. Duration: 5 year. Intensity: High | Linear | (1)(2)(3) | |||
Jones et al. [28] (a) (2016) | Cohort trial. Single-center | ±õ—I±õ±õ | 747 | 741 | T: 56.6 ± 10.5 C: 58.7 ± 10.4 | Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Duration: 5 year. Intensity-Time: 5.4 MET-h/week | Linear | (1)(2)(4) |
Jones et al. [28] (b) (2016) | 741 | 741 | T: 57.2 ± 10.3 C: 58.7 ± 10.4 | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Duration: 5 year. Intensity-Time: 16.3 MET-h/week | Linear | (1)(2)(4) | |||
Jones et al. [28] (c) (2016) | 744 | 741 | T: 55.4 ± 10.5 C: 58.7 ± 10.4 | Aerobic exercise modality: Continuous. Duration: 5 year. Intensity-Time: 40 MET-h/week | Linear | (1)(2)(4) |