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Table 2 Cross-sectional and predictive associations of perceived and objectively assessed neighborhood environmental attributes with physical activity (n鈥�=鈥�447 children)

From: Does growing up in a physical activity-friendly neighborhood increase the likelihood of remaining active during adolescence and early adulthood?

听听

Total physical activity (TPA)a,b

Tracking of physical activity (MVPA) a,b

CPM 2014

Coeff. (95% CI)

CPM 2019

Coeff. (95% CI)

Active below median, in both time points

(n鈥�=鈥�120)

OR (95% CI)

Became less active

(n鈥�=鈥�97)

OR (95% CI)

Became more active

(n鈥�=鈥�96)

OR (95% CI)

Active above median, in both time points

(n鈥�=鈥�134)

OR (95% CI)

Perceived environmental factors

Tertiles of PA friendliness

听听听听听听

鈥僐oad safety score

Highest tertile (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-16.5 (-51.8; 18.8)

-24.4 (-58.6; 9.8)

1.2 (0.7;2.1)

1.2 (0.7;2.1)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

0.9 (0.6;1.5)

Lowest tertile

-33.9 (-68.2; 0.0)*

-33.4 (-66.8; 0.0)*

1.7 (1.0;2.9)*

1.0 (0.6;1.9)

0.8 (0.4;1.3)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

鈥傾esthetics and incivilities score

Highest tertile (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-31.6 (-65.6; 2.5)

-27.5 (-61.8;6.9)

1.3 (0.7;2.1)

1.1 (0.6;1.9)

1.1 (0.6;1.9)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

Lowest tertile

-31.9 (-63.0;-0.8)*

-15.2(-48.2; 17.8)

1.2 (0.7;1.9)

1.2 (0.7;2.0)

1.2 (0.7;2.1)

0.7 (0.4;1.1)

鈥働ersonal safety score

Highest tertile (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-14.6 (-50.5;18.2)

-49.1 (-85,7;-12.6)**

1.2 (0.1;2.2)

1.2 (0.7;2.2)

0.7 (0.4;1.3)

0.9 (0.6;1.6)

Lowest tertile

-45.0 (-77.0;-13.0)**

-37.4 (-69.6;-5.1)*

1.5 (0.9;2.5)(*)

1.2 (0.7;2.1)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

鈥傾ccess to garden, parks and playground

Highest tertile (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-11.2 (-43.3; 20.9)

-18.3 (-51.1;-14.5)

1.0 (0.6;1.7)

1.4 (0.8;2.3)

0.9 (0.5;1.5)

0.8 (0.5;1.3)

Lowest tertile

-21.4 (-60.5;17.7)

-20.0 (-55.9; 15.9)

1.8 (1.1;3.1)*

1.4 (0.8;2.5)

0.5 (0.3;1.0)*

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

鈥僒otal Score of perceived environmental tertilesc

Highest tertile (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-41.1 (-78.0;-4.2)*

-49.6 (-91.0;-8.3)*

1.8 (1.0;3.2)*

1.0 (0.6;2.0)

0.8 (0.4;1.4)

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

Lowest tertile

-52.4 (-88.6;-16.2)**

-48.1 (-86.6;-9.7)*

1.6 (0.9;2.9)

1.4 (0.7;2.5)

0.8 (0.5;1.6)

0.6 (0.3;1.0)*

GIS Data

鈥僊ainstreet density

Lowest tertile听(ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

-0.9 (-34.1; 32.3)

-39.7 (-75.5;-3.9)*

1.5 (0.9;2.6)

0.8 (0.4;1.2)

0.8 (0.5;1.4)

1.0 (0.6;1.6)

Highest tertile

-0.9 (-36.1; 34.4)

-38.2 (-76.0; -0.3)*

2.0 (1.2;3.4)**

0.7 (0.4;1.2)

0.9 (0.5;1.6)

0.7 (0.4;1.3)

鈥僄reen spaces

Highest tertile听(ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Medium tertile

10.3 (-21.6; 41.9)

1.9 (-38.5; 42.2)

0.8 (0.5;1.4)

0.9 (0.5;1.5)

0.9 (0.5:1.6)

1.4 (0.9;2.4)

Lowest tertile

-34.2 (-68.0;-0.4)*

-21.1 (-60.7; 18.6)

1.3 (0.8;2.2)

0.7 (0.4;1.3)

1.1 (0.7;2.0)

0.9 (0.5;1.6)

Urbanicity

Urban (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Peri-urban

0.8 (-33.5; 35.1)

37.5 (0.4; 74.7)*

1.1 (0.6; 2.0)

0.7 (0.4; 1.2)

0.9 (0.5; 1.7)

1.4 (0.8; 2.5)

Rural

-2.1 (-37.7; 33.6)

5.4 (-32.1; 43.0)

1.9 (1.0; 3.5)*

0.7 (0.3; 1.3)

0.7 (0.4; 1.5)

1.0 (0.5; 1.9)

Socioeconomic environment

High听(ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

Low

-14.8 (-41.4;11.8)

-28.3 (-56.5;-0.1)*

1.8 (1,2;2,8)*

0.8 (0.5;1.3)

0.9 (0.5;1.4)

0.8 (0.5;1.2)

  1. aThe association of each environmental predictor with PA indicators was assessed in a separate model
  2. bAll analyses are adjusted for age, sex, season of measurement, household income and nationality
  3. cThe total score of the perceived environment was based on the sum of the four dimension (1 for the lowest tertile and 3 for the highest tertile) resulting in a scrore from 4 to 12
  4. *p-惫补濒耻别鈥夆墹鈥�0.05
  5. **p-惫补濒耻别鈥夆墹鈥�0.01
  6. ***p-惫补濒耻别鈥夆墹鈥�0.001
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