Ó£»¨ÊÓƵ

Age

15

[1]

-

16

0.958(0.5–1.6)

-

17

0.7(0.4–1.3)

-

18

1.08(0.6–1.9)

-

19

0.8(0.4–1.5)

-

Gender

Female

1.27(0.87–1.83)

-

Male

[1]

[1]

Area of Residence

Urban

2.1(1.9–3.5)*

2.4(1.8–3.3)*

Rural

[1]

[1]

Use of Hands-free kit

Yes

2.6(1.9–3.4)*

2.5(1.8–3.6)*

No

[1]

[1]

Father’s Education

Illiterate

[1]

[1]

Primary/ Secondary

2.247(1.39–3.98)*

2.7(1.4–6.2)*

Higher Secondary

2.60(1.5–5.11)*

2.4(1.7–3.8)*

Graduate and Higher

3.8(2.8–7.3)*

3.3(1.7–4.3)*

Mother’s Education

Illiterate

[1]

[1]

Primary/ Secondary

1.046(0.5–2.1)

-

Higher Secondary

1.8(0.87–3.8)

-

Graduate and Higher

2.14(1.09–4.15)*

2.7(1.9-4)*

Years of Usage

< 3 years

[1]

[1]

> 3 years

2.1(1.7–3.7)*

2.08(1.7–3.6)*

Duration of use (hours/day)

< 2Ìýh

[1]

[1]

> 2Ìýh

2.89(1.8–4.4)*

2.6(1.6–4.1)*

The perception that smartphone use is harmful

Yes

[1]

[1]

No

2.01(1.127–2.61) *

2.4(1.9–4.2) **

Current Academic Performance According to you

Excellent

[1]

[1]

Good

1.64(0.95–2.81)

-

Average

3.8(2.1–6.7) *

3.1(1.7–5.7)*

Poor

4.99(1.5–16) *

3.7(1.1–12)*

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Upper (Class 1 &2)

2.4(1.9–3.2) *

1.9(1.5–3.51*)

Lower (Class 3, 4 &5)

[1]

[1]

Father Parenting Style

Authoritarian

1.05 (1.03–1.07) *

1.04 (1.02–1.06)*

Authoritative

0.96 (0.94–0.98) *

0.97 (0.95–0.99) *

Permissive

1.04 (1.02–1.06) *

1.03 (1.01–1.05)*

Mother Parenting Style

Authoritarian

1.06 (1.04–1.08) *

1.05 (1.03–1.07) *

Authoritative

0.95 (0.93–0.97) *

0.96 (0.94–0.98) *

Permissive

1.05 (1.03–1.07) *

1.04 (1.02–1.06) *