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Table 5 The risk of low back pain according to metabolic syndrome, and metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms stratified by age

From: Estimating the impact of metabolic syndrome on low back pain and the joint effects of metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms on low back pain: insights from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Subgroups		Cross-sectional		Longitudinal
Subgroups		OR (95% CI)	P for interaction	HR (95% CI)	P for interaction
Age	听	听	听	听	听
45鈥�64 years	MetS ^a	听	1.000	听	1.000
听	No	1.00 [Reference]	听	1.00 [Reference]	听
听	Yes	0.78 (0.67鈥�0.91) **	听	0.90 (0.80鈥�1.02)	听
65鈥�+鈥墆别补谤蝉	MetS ^a	听	听	听	听
听	No	1.00 [Reference]	听	1.00 [Reference]	听
听	Yes	0.95 (0.74鈥�1.22)	听	0.89 (0.70鈥�1.12)	听
Age	听	听	1.000	听	0.177
45鈥�64 years	Combined MetS and DS ^b	听	听	听	听
听	No 惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塏辞顿厂	1.00 [Reference]	听	1.00 [Reference]	听
听	No 惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塂厂	2.21 (1.81鈥�2.70) ***	听	1.61 (1.35鈥�1.92) ***	听
听	惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塏辞顿厂	0.69 (0.56鈥�0.85) ***	听	0.89 (0.76鈥�1.03)	听
听	惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塂厂	1.92 (1.56鈥�2.37) ***	听	1.50 (1.26鈥�1.80) ***	听
65鈥�+鈥墆别补谤蝉	Combined MetS and DS ^b	听	听	听	听
听	No 惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塏辞顿厂	1.00 [Reference]	听	1.00 [Reference]	听
听	No 惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塂厂	2.71 (1.87鈥�3.94) ***	听	2.40 (1.69鈥�3.40) ***	听
听	惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塏辞顿厂	0.86 (0.58鈥�1.27)	听	1.05 (0.77鈥�1.43)	听
听	惭别迟厂鈥�+鈥塂厂	2.72 (1.88鈥�3.94) ***	听	1.72 (1.20鈥�2.44) **	听

Abbreviation DS, depressive symptoms; OR, odds ratio; HR, hazards ratio; CI, confidence interval; MetS, metabolic syndrome; DS, depressive symptoms
^a Adjusted for age, sex, residence, education level, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, social activity, functional disability, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, and depressive symptoms, except itself
^b Adjusted for age, sex, residence, education level, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, social activity, functional disability, number of chronic diseases, and body mass index, except itself
**P鈥�<鈥�0.01, ***P鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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