Exploring perceived learning effectiveness in virtual reality health communication through the lens of construal level theory

Table 5 Measurement items, loading scores and construct validity

Construct	Item	Factor Loading	Error term	SMC	AVE	CR	伪
Temporal distance	TD1	0.930	0.865	0.135	0.898	0.691	0.849
	TD2	0.913	0.834	0.166	听	听	听
	TD3	0.704	0.496	0.504	听	听	听
	TD4	0.753	0.567	0.433	听	听	听
	TD5	Item removed
Social distance	SD1	0.956	0.914	0.086	0.896	0.743	0.824
	SD2	0.872	0.760	0.240	听	听	听
	SD3	0.745	0.555	0.445	听	听	听
Spatial distance	SPD1	Item removed
	SPD2	0.624	0.389	0.611	0.843	0.647	0.720
	SPD3	0.858	0.736	0.264	听	听	听
	SPD4	0.903	0.815	0.185	听	听	听
Hypothetical distance	HD1	0.918	0.843	0.157	0.893	0.738	0.838
	HD2	0.703	0.494	0.506	听	听	听
	HD3	0.937	0.878	0.122	听	听	听
Technical distance	TCD1	0.903	0.815	0.185	0.878	0.707	0.792
	TCD2	0.794	0.630	0.370	听	听	听
	TCD3	Item removed
	TCD4	Item removed
	TCD5	0.822	0.676	0.324	听	听	听
Emotional distance	ED1	0.903	0.815	0.185	0.883	0.655	0.822
	ED2	0.802	0.643	0.357	听	听	听
	ED3	0.753	0.567	0.433	听	听	听
	ED4	0.770	0.593	0.407	听	听	听
Immersion	IM1	0.915	0.837	0.163	0.949	0.861	0.919
	IM2	0.968	0.937	0.063	听	听	听
	IM3	0.900	0.810	0.190	听	听	听
Flow	FL1	0.936	0.876	0.124	0.817	0.608	0.701
	FL2	0.785	0.616	0.384	听	听	听
	FL3	0.575	0.331	0.669	听	听	听
Presence	PR1	0.913	0.834	0.166	0.957	0.883	0.932
	PR2	0.912	0.832	0.168	听	听	听
	PR3	0.991	0.982	0.018	听	听	听
Perceived learning effectiveness	PLE1	0.777	0.604	0.396	0.937	0.789	0.909
	PLE2	0.877	0.769	0.231	听	听	听
	PLE3	0.950	0.903	0.098	听	听	听
	PLE4	0.938	0.880	0.120	听	听	听

SMC Squared Multiple Correlation, AVE Average Variance Extracted, CR Composite Reliability

ISSN: 1471-2458