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Table 4 Multivariate association between race/ethnicity, skin tone, and care avoidance after adjusting for sociodemographic factors

From: Skin tone discrimination and birth control avoidance among women in Harris County, Texas: a cross-sectional study

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Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Model 1: Race/ethnicity adjusted for family income, education, marital status, employment, and age

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Race/Ethnicity

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White, non-Hispanic

Reference

Black, non-Hispanic

6.5(3.0-13.8)

Hispanic, born in the US

6.5(3.0-13.8)

Hispanic, born outside of the US

10.3(4.3–24.9)

Other, non-Hispanic

2.7(0.9–7.2)

Model 2: Skin tone adjusted for family income, education, marital status, employment, and age

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Skin Tone

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Lightest

2

3

4

Darkest

Reference

3.7 (1.8–7.7)

3.3 (1.6–6.7)

5.6 (2.9–10.9)

7.5 (4.1–13.9)

Model 3: Skin tone adjusted for race/ethnicity, family income, education, marital status, employment, and age

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Skin Tone

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Lightest

2

3

4

Darkest

Reference

1.6 (0.7–3.6)

3.0 (1.3–7.2)

1.4 (0.6–3.4)

3.1 (1.3–8.8)