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Table 3 Bivariate association between sociodemographic factors, previous experiences, and care avoidance

From: Skin tone discrimination and birth control avoidance among women in Harris County, Texas: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

Crude OR (95% CI)

Race/Ethnicity

Ìý

White, non-Hispanic

Reference

Black, non-Hispanic

13.3 (6.6–26.9)

Hispanic, born in the US

8.6 (4.2–17.5)

Hispanic, born outside of the US

14.6 (6.2–34.6)

Other, non-Hispanic

2.7 (1.0-7.2)

Skin Tone

Ìý

Lightest

2

3

4

Darkest

Reference

3.9 (1.9–8.5)

3.9 (1.9–7.7)

5.9 (3.1–11.2)

7.6 (4.3–13.7)

Family Income

Ìý

Less than $20,000

$20,000 to <$40,000

$40,000 to < $75,000

$75,000 to <$100,000

$100,000 or more

8.3 (3.9–17.6)

6.2 (3.1–12.4)

3.7 (1.8–7.6)

3.2 (1.3–7.8)

Reference

Education

Ìý

High School or less

Some College

College

3.3 (2.0-5.5)

1.9 (1.2–3.3)

Reference

Marital Status

Ìý

Married

Single, never married

Single, living with partner

Separated, Divorced, Widowed

Reference

1.4 (0.9–2.2)

1.6 (0.9-3.0)

2.1 (1.0-4.3)

Employment

Ìý

Employed

Unemployed

A student

On disability and can’t work/Retired

A homemaker or stay at home

Reference

1.3 (0.6–2.5)

1.5 (0.8–2.5)

0.9 (0.2–4.2)

1.4 (0.7–2.6)

Age

Ìý

18–24

25–29

30–39

40–44

1.3 (0.7–2.4)

0.9 (0.5–1.8)

0.6 (0.4–1.2)

Reference

Experienced discrimination because race/ethnicity

30.2 (17.7–51.6)

Experienced discrimination because skin tone

20.4 (12.5–33.2)

Somewhat or very difficult to find a doctor who treats you with dignity and respect when seeking birth control and reproductive healthcare

3.1 (1.9–4.7)

Somewhat or very difficult to find a doctor who shares the same background and experiences as you when seeking birth control and reproductive healthcare?

1.8 (1.2–2.8)