Table 4 Sociodemographic characteristic, medical profile, nutritional status, dietary intake and psychosocial profile of rural respondents [Presented as mean鈥壜扁�塖D or n(%)]
| 听 | Low SES (n鈥�=鈥�325) | Medium SES (n鈥�=鈥�373) | High SES (n鈥�=鈥�433) | Total (n鈥�=鈥�1131) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 70.9鈥壜扁赌�6.6 | 68.5鈥壜扁赌�6.5 | 68.7鈥壜扁赌�5.9 | 69.5鈥壜扁赌�6.5*** |
Education, years | 3.3鈥壜扁赌�2.8 | 4.7鈥壜扁赌�3.2 | 4.4鈥壜扁赌�3.4 | 4.4鈥壜扁赌�3.4*** |
Gender | ||||
鈥僕辞尘别苍 | 245 (56.6) | 164 (44.0) | 143 (44.0) | 552 (48.8)*** |
鈥僊别苍 | 188 (43.4) | 209 (56.0) | 182 (31.4) | 579 (51.2) |
Ethnicity | ||||
鈥僊补濒补测 | 382 (88.2) | 322 (86.3) | 281 (28.5) | 985 (87.1) |
鈥僀丑颈苍别蝉别 | 45 (10.4) | 42 (11.3) | 39 (12.0) | 126 (11.1) |
鈥僆ndia & Others | 6 (1.4) | 9 (2.4) | 5 (1.5) | 18 (1.6) |
Marital status | ||||
鈥侨颈苍驳濒别 | 11 (3.4) | 9 (2.5) | 6 (1.4) | 26 (2.4)*** |
鈥僊补谤谤颈别诲 | 204 (63.8) | 264 (72.1) | 333 (79.3) | 801 (72.4) |
鈥僁颈惫辞谤肠别诲 | 105 (32.8) | 93 (25.4) | 81 (19.3) | 279 (25.2) |
Smoking | ||||
鈥僋辞苍-蝉尘辞办别谤 | 280 (87.5) | 308 (84.2) | 384 (91.4) | 972 (87.9)** |
鈥侨尘辞办别谤 | 40 (12.5) | 58 (15.8) | 36 (8.6) | 134 (12.1) |
Living Status | ||||
鈥僕ith others | 266 (83.1) | 324 (88.5) | 401 (95.5) | 991 (89.6)*** |
鈥倾濒辞苍别 | 54 (16.9) | 42 (11.5) | 19 (4.5) | 115 (10.4) |
Medical History | ||||
鈥僁颈补产别迟别蝉 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 334 (77.1) | 277 (74.3) | 245 (75.4) | 856 (75.7) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 99 (22.9) | 96 (25.7) | 80 (24.6) | 275 (24.3) |
鈥仅测辫别谤迟别苍蝉颈辞苍 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 209 (48.3) | 192 (51.5) | 173 (53.2) | 574 (50.8) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 224 (51.7) | 181 (48.5) | 152 (46.8) | 557 (49.2) |
鈥僔ision or hearing | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 951 (84.1) | 312 (83.6) | 295 (90.8) | 951 (84.1)*** |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 180 (15.9) | 61 (16.4) | 30 (9.2) | 180 (15.9) |
鈥僓rinary incontinence | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 294 (90.5) | 327 (87.7) | 374 (86.4) | 995 (88.0) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 31 (9.5) | 46 (12.3) | 59 (13.6) | 136 (12.0) |
鈥僀辞苍蝉迟颈辫补迟颈辞苍 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 368 (85.0) | 326 (87.4) | 296 (91.1) | 990 (87.5)* |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 65 (15.0) | 47 (12.6) | 29 (8.9) | 141 (12.5) |
鈥倾蝉迟丑尘补 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 371 (85.7) | 336 (90.1) | 303 (93.2) | 1042 (94.2)** |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 62 (14.3) | 37 (9.9) | 22 (6.8) | 64 (5.8) |
鈥僅eart disease | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 392 (90.5) | 336 (90.1) | 286 (88.8) | 1014 (89.7) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 41 (9.5) | 37 (9.9) | 39 (11.2) | 117 (10.3) |
鈥倾谤迟丑谤颈迟颈蝉 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 249 (76.6) | 273 (73.2) | 307 (70.9) | 829 (73.3) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 76 (23.4) | 100 (26.8) | 126 (29.1) | 302 (26.7) |
鈥侨迟谤辞办别 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 316 (98.2) | 363 (97.3) | 423 (97.7) | 1105 (97.7) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 6 (1.8) | 10 (2.7) | 10 (2.3) | 26 (2.3) |
鈥仅测辫别谤肠丑辞濒别蝉迟别谤辞濒别尘颈补 | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 232 (71.4) | 282 (75.6) | 338 (78.1) | 852 (75.3) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 93 (28.6) | 91 (24.4) | 95 (21.9) | 279 (24.7) |
Anthropometry | ||||
鈥傿ody Mass Index, kg/m2 | 25.7鈥壜扁赌�4.2 | 24.7鈥壜扁赌�4.1 | 24.0鈥壜扁赌�4.7 | 24.7鈥壜扁赌�4.4*** |
鈥僕aist Hip Ratio | 0.9鈥壜扁赌�0.1 | 0.9鈥壜扁赌�0.1 | 0.9鈥壜扁赌�0.1 | 0.9鈥壜扁赌�0.1 |
鈥僕eight, kg | 56.0鈥壜扁赌�12.1 | 60.2鈥壜扁赌�11.5 | 62.8鈥壜扁赌�12.2 | 59.3鈥壜扁赌�12.2*** |
鈥僅eight, cm | 152.6鈥壜扁赌�8.7 | 155.8鈥壜扁赌�8.2 | 156.2鈥壜扁赌�8.6 | 154.7鈥壜扁赌�8.7*** |
鈥僊UAC, cm | 27.4鈥壜扁赌�3.6 | 28.3鈥壜扁赌�3.2 | 28.9鈥壜扁赌�3.4 | 28.1鈥壜扁赌�3.5*** |
鈥僕aist circumference, cm | 86.1鈥壜扁赌�12.3 | 87.5鈥壜扁赌�10.8 | 89.3鈥壜扁赌�10.7 | 87.5鈥壜扁赌�11.4** |
鈥僅ip circumference, cm | 93.0鈥壜扁赌�9.9 | 95.0鈥壜扁赌�9.0 | 97.6鈥壜扁赌�9.2 | 95.0鈥壜扁赌�9.6*** |
鈥僀alf circumference, cm | 31.3鈥壜扁赌�3.8 | 32.7鈥壜扁赌�3.4 | 33.7鈥壜扁赌�3.6 | 32.5鈥壜扁赌�3.8*** |
鈥傿MI category, n(%) | ||||
鈥冣赌僓苍诲别谤飞别颈驳丑迟 | 232 (54.1) | 162 (44.4) | 109 (34.4) | 503 (45.3)*** |
鈥冣赌僋辞rmal | 101 (23.5) | 107 (29.3) | 95 (30.0) | 303 (27.3) |
鈥冣赌僌惫别谤飞别颈驳丑迟 | 96 (22.4) | 96 (26.3) | 113 (35.6) | 305 (27.5) |
Dietary | ||||
鈥働rotein, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 44.8鈥壜扁赌�8.4 | 43.7鈥壜扁赌�8.5 | 43.5鈥壜扁赌�8.8 | 44.0鈥壜扁赌�8.6 |
鈥僀arbohydrate, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 135.6鈥壜扁赌�20.4 | 135.9鈥壜扁赌�20.1 | 134.0鈥壜扁赌�19.6 | 135.2鈥壜扁赌�20.3 |
鈥僃at, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 31.1鈥壜扁赌�9.1 | 31.2鈥壜扁赌�7.6 | 32.2鈥壜扁赌�7.3 | 31.4鈥壜扁赌�8.1 |
鈥僑FA, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 4.9鈥壜扁赌�2.8 | 5.0鈥壜扁赌�2.8 | 4.8鈥壜扁赌�2.8 | 4.9鈥壜扁赌�2.8 |
鈥僃ibre, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 1.8鈥壜扁赌�1.1 | 2.1鈥壜扁赌�1.3 | 2.5鈥壜扁赌�1.4 | 2.1鈥壜扁赌�1.3 |
鈥僑ugar, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 11.5鈥壜扁赌�9.0 | 14.0鈥壜扁赌�10.3 | 14.4鈥壜扁赌�9.0 | 13.2鈥壜扁赌�9.6 |
鈥僔itamin C, per 1000 鈥僰cal/day | 61.2鈥壜扁赌�44.9 | 64.8鈥壜扁赌�46.0 | 67.6鈥壜扁赌�43.5 | 64.2鈥壜扁赌�44.9 |
鈥僔itamin E, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 6.1鈥壜扁赌�26.9 | 7.4鈥壜扁赌�32.6 | 3.3鈥壜扁赌�3.5 | 5.0鈥壜扁赌�23.9 |
鈥僃olate, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 54.4鈥壜扁赌�37.8 | 59.6鈥壜扁赌�45.4 | 66.1鈥壜扁赌�49.1 | 59.4鈥壜扁赌�44.0** |
鈥僑odium, per 100鈥塳cal/day | 860.8鈥壜扁赌�590.1 | 865.7鈥壜扁赌�553.7 | 875.0鈥壜扁赌�542.2 | 866.5鈥壜扁赌�564.3 |
鈥働otassium, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 905.8鈥壜扁赌�257.5 | 904.5鈥壜扁赌�259.2 | 919.2鈥壜扁赌�284.8 | 909.2鈥壜扁赌�265.9 |
鈥僀alcium, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 315.4鈥壜扁赌�137.8 | 333.9鈥壜扁赌�182.5 | 333.2鈥�+鈥�159.2 | 328.3鈥壜扁赌�161.7 |
鈥僆ron, per 1000鈥塳cal/day | 8.1鈥壜扁赌�2.7 | 8.0鈥壜扁赌�2.4 | 8.5鈥壜扁赌�2.8 | 8.2鈥壜扁赌�2.7 |
鈥僀alorie restriction | ||||
鈥冣赌僋辞 | 123 (38.4) | 143 (39.1) | 179 (41.9) | 719 (66.8) |
鈥冣赌僘别蝉 | 197 (61.6) | 223 (33.4) | 170 (41.6) | 248 (58.1) |
鈥僃resh fruits intake (days/week) | 2.8鈥壜扁赌�2.2 | 3.1鈥壜扁赌�2.3 | 4.0鈥壜扁赌�2.4 | 3.2鈥壜扁赌�2.3*** |
鈥僓lam intake per week 鈥�(days/week) | 5.1鈥壜扁赌�2.3 | 5.5鈥壜扁赌�2.1 | 5.7鈥壜扁赌�2.1 | 5.4鈥壜扁赌�2.2*** |
Psychosocial | ||||
鈥僁颈蝉补产颈濒颈迟测 | 10.1鈥壜扁赌�10.3 | 9.9鈥壜扁赌�11.6 | 6.6鈥壜扁赌�9.4 | 8.9鈥壜扁赌�10.6 |
鈥僉辞苍别濒颈苍别蝉蝉 | 3.3鈥壜扁赌�0.9 | 3.3鈥壜扁赌�0.9 | 3.2鈥壜扁赌�0.7 | 3.3鈥壜扁赌�0.9 |
鈥僁别辫谤别蝉蝉颈辞苍 | 3.1鈥壜扁赌�2.3 | 2.5鈥壜扁赌�2.1 | 2.5鈥壜扁赌�2.0 | 2.7鈥壜扁赌�2.2*** |
Cognitive Function | ||||
鈥僁igit span | 6.5鈥壜扁赌�1.9 | 7.2鈥壜扁赌�2.0 | 7.6鈥壜扁赌�2.4 | 7.0鈥壜扁赌�2.2*** |
鈥僁igit symbol | 3.5鈥壜扁赌�1.4 | 4.1鈥壜扁赌�1.7 | 4.9鈥壜扁赌�2.3 | 4.1鈥壜扁赌�1.9*** |
鈥僊惭厂贰 | 20.0鈥壜扁赌�4.9 | 22.7鈥壜扁赌�4.5 | 23.7鈥壜扁赌�4.5 | 22.0鈥壜扁赌�4.9*** |
鈥働ercentile VRI | 29.1鈥壜扁赌�28.7 | 38.1鈥壜扁赌�31.5 | 43.4鈥壜扁赌�32.2 | 36.2鈥壜扁赌�31.3*** |
鈥働ercentile VR II | 17.1鈥壜扁赌�23.8 | 28.3鈥壜扁赌�31.7 | 35.9鈥壜扁赌�35.0 | 26.3鈥壜扁赌�31.0*** |
Physical Fitness | ||||
鈥�2鈥塵in step test, number | 54.0鈥壜扁赌�24.9 | 58.7鈥壜扁赌�25.8 | 63.9鈥壜扁赌�24.0 | 58.4鈥壜扁赌�25.3*** |
鈥僄rip strength, kg | 20.7鈥壜扁赌�7.4 | 23.6鈥壜扁赌�7.7 | 24.1鈥壜扁赌�8.0 | 22.6鈥壜扁赌�7.8*** |
鈥僀hair stand test, number | 8.6鈥壜扁赌�2.9 | 9.5鈥壜扁赌�2.9 | 10.0鈥壜扁赌�3.0 | 9.3鈥壜扁赌�3.0*** |
鈥僀hair sit and reach, cm | 鈭�0.30鈥壜扁赌�12.1 | 鈭�2.0鈥壜扁赌�10.9 | 鈭�0.3鈥壜扁赌�10.9 | 鈭�0.8鈥壜扁赌�11.4 |
鈥僒UG, seconds | 12.8鈥壜扁赌�4.0 | 11.4鈥壜扁赌�3.1 | 11.4鈥壜扁赌�2.9 | 12.0鈥壜扁赌�3.5*** |
鈥傿ack scratch test, cm | 17.0鈥壜扁赌�12.2 | 15.9鈥壜扁赌�12.6 | 16.5鈥壜扁赌�12.8 | 16.5鈥壜扁赌�12.5 |